Gas diffusion layers (GDLs) represent a crucial component in fuel cell technology, performing dual roles as both functional and mechanical support elements within the membrane electrode assembly (MEA). These porous, conductive sheets are integral to the operation of various fuel cell types, including Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs), Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFCs), and Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells (PAFCs), as well as other electrochemical systems such as water electrolyzers and gas humidifiers.
